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Therefore, our motivations are often a mix of both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. However, the two are not mutually exclusive - for instance, someone working on completing a project may be extrinsically motivated to finish to meet a teammate’s deadline, but intrinsically motivated because they enjoy the project and want to produce high quality work (Sennett, 2021). The fundamental difference between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation is that intrinsic motivation comes from within, while extrinsic motivation comes from the outside. Extrinsic motivation thusĬontrasts with intrinsic motivation, which refers to doing an activity simplyįor the enjoyment of the activity itself, rather than its instrumental value. Extrinsic motivation is a construct that pertains whenever an activity isĭone in order to attain some separable outcome.
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These consequences can be tangible - such as monetary loss or shame - or abstract - for example, social respect or shame. Intrinsic Motivation Extrinsic Motivation Purpose of participation: Enjoyment in the process itself Purpose of participation: Benefits derived from participating Emotions experienced: Pleasant (enjoyment, freedom, relaxation) Emotions experienced: Tension and pressure (social approval is not under direct control) Rewards: Effective rewards (enjoyment, pleasure) Rewards: Social or material rewards More likely to stay with a task long-term More likely to do a necessary task of little interest Self-motivation to take on new tasks and innovate Increases social learning compliance Self-motivation to take on new tasks Increases speed of task Slower behavioral change Removing reward results in motivation lossĮxtrinsic motivation describes behavior driven by external rewards or punishments. Scholars have described several key differences between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation (Mitchell, 2013):